Ayuntamiento de Murcia (Rafael Moneo)
Caja General de Granada
(Alberto Campo Baeza)
Friday, November 10, 2006
Uf Gators Birthday Cake Designs For Guys
Arquitectura en España
Ayuntamiento de Murcia
(Rafael Moneo)
Caja General de Granada
(Alberto Campo Baeza)
Ayuntamiento de Murcia (Rafael Moneo)
Caja General de Granada
(Alberto Campo Baeza)
Thursday, September 7, 2006
Gall Bladder And Getting A Staff Infection
Where's the ice?
claimed a small but vocal group of climate scientists that global warming leads to melting of polar ice, as in Greenland. Your scenario involves at once the global sea level rise by up to seven meters. Greenland was now in the early Middle Ages largely ice-free (hence the name), then the sea level was still lower than today. Many today only accessible by boat North Sea islands were at that time, accessible at least at low tide, on foot.
We now observe, then, that in the early Middle Ages (around 1100) was much warmer than now, therefore, have there been less ice at the poles must. However, the sea level was lower than now, and we then asked how these scientists come to the thesis, a melting of the poles could have been a result of rising sea levels. The past proves the opposite.
Interestingly, those researchers appointed to prepare their forecasts accessible to the past. You mean the change in the climate of the past 200 years, one could predict the future development of the global climate. Given the age of our planet 2.4 billion years ago to just a mad undertaking. This illustrates one of the Hegelian way of thinking due misconception. As Hegel once think these researchers, one can conclude on the basis of past data for future development. This approach is at least as serious as the prognosis of the development of the copper price from the data of the copper price development over the past 200 years. A nice theory, which regards scientific untenable and therefore unusable. Curiously, these are just projections of the media, politicians and other kin are called to create a hysteria that seems completely unfounded. So far, there is still no successful scientists to prove that there is a man-made influence on global climate. If one approach, however, the available data (available depending on the region from about 1780) you can find in fact a warming either but also a slowdown. The fact that the global monitoring network was tighter in recent years and more data were evaluated to make the planet warmer still far, here is again on the age of the earth noted the last 200 years are 0.0008% thereof (sic). Satellites can now show the way, no significant increase in global temperatures, they are considered the most reliable measurement instruments are not used frequently.
The climate is far too complex for any scientist could explain climate phenomena. It's quite simple, people (or even better the industrialists) to shift the responsibility for something that one does not understand the victim is marked obsolete the serious discussion of the topic, the public (which does not consist mostly of experts) startled.
The belief in the human Omnipotence (a homo-centric world view) for climate phenomena can be only one explanation, they must be anthropogenic. But that the man himself on this planet no longer has the influence he himself attributes to always like them does not come to mind. What kind of a misanthropic world view must be a researcher who studied the human misery all evil?
would find global warming now, but actually held and the sea level would rise just not (this phenomenon can not be explained climatologically, but physically), this would only be useful for mankind. could in Siberia and the Canadian Northwest territories without further agriculture operated, small non-profitable areas in other parts of the world could be used for settlement. A warmer climate allows plants to grow better and faster, and yields rose, more people than ever could better nourished at even more attractive prices are. But the next cold spell comes for sure, maybe next week already ...
Thursday, August 31, 2006
Cellebrite Update Phone
Stuttgart 21 and no end ...
Since the announcement of Deutsche Bahn AG (DB) in 1994 for the project "Stuttgart 21" (S21) and the associated lowering of the main station went on the DB so far no concrete steps that suggest a rapid realization of the project. In spite of the DB-driven posturing which holds the state government continues to fascinate the project S21 finds this she lost not only the Masz but to the eye for the rest of the country. have to be Basel and its realization therefore be predicted - which has since operated transport policy is fixed solely to the S21, after the other very important projects such as the rapid expansion and construction of the trail Offenburg - Freiburg. This one-sided orientation of the country's policy on S21 and Abhängigmachung hinder all road projects of the S21 much needed expansion of transport infrastructure throughout BW. In Stuttgart, committed and later buried, while the "province" of which suffers. For example, the line Ulm - Friedrichshafen, still does not despite commitment by the Prime Minister in the state elections of 1996 electrified, rapid implementation is not to be expected. The construction of the aforementioned high-speed line Offenburg - Basel delayed unnecessarily and is also in the Federal Transport Infrastructure Plan does not receive a priority. The urgently to be implemented two-track extension of the line Horb - Rottweil - Tuttlingen (- singing) can also be delayed. Here, the state government is required to bring worthwhile projects to traffic and transportation for the speedy implementation.
The project S21macht the country on one side depending on the DB and therefore vulnerable to blackmail. Since the country is still at S21, it must act pleasing to the DB, at least until it is able to position itself clearly. This leads (e) ultimately results in the country most of its local transport services for years to DB awarded, a competition is held here no more, the DB can keep its monopoly position, the privatization of urban transport in BW is blocked for a long time, penetration of new suppliers into the market is systematically prevented.
The former head station in Stuttgart must be maintained in its present form, the existing railway tracks are to be optimized for the business process and streamlined the service station as planned to Untertürkheim move, So in the Stuttgart city center about 85% of the project from the previous S21 surface intended to be free. A new line of Esslingen Mettingen to Ulm is much cheaper and can now be realized thus independent of the Masznahmen in Stuttgart. The required connection to the airport to the ICE network is not the local traffic justified, the airport is gemäsz its regional significance to the regional rail network to link, this is the connection through the S-Bahn is sufficient to carry the construction of a tram line from Nürtingen to Filderstadt Bernhausen (- airport) the airport from the south would be more accessible.
S21 costs in the currently planned Form (1998), about 2.6 billion euros, of which would flow to carry out about 1.2 billion euros of taxpayers' money, then this money is needed elsewhere, while the proposed alternative would be a cost of 1.1 billion euros, much cheaper in both cases would have added about 1.43 billion € for the journey to Ulm. The
provided by the DB funding through land sales is questionable, the DB should pre-finance a significant part, because the land can be marketed properly so only after commissioning. At the opening of the station would have the DB will increase its debt further, a reduction of this is questionable to what Could lead to interest and repayment burdens weigh so heavy that no additional revenues are still insufficient sale proceeds to bring the project to profitability. This irresponsible debt policy at risk, ultimately, the planned flotation of DB, as hardly any investor should be willing to invest in a company that pays no return, the federal government would remain in the worst case on the DB sitting on a contribution from the taxpayer to save the DB would not be completely ruled out.
finally announced the head of the DB in the spring of 2003 that S21 will already cost more than planned and that the DB is not able to see, to bear these additional costs. When asked who they then finance, has no long answer search is required, it is the citizens. 
Since the announcement of Deutsche Bahn AG (DB) in 1994 for the project "Stuttgart 21" (S21) and the associated lowering of the main station went on the DB so far no concrete steps that suggest a rapid realization of the project. In spite of the DB-driven posturing which holds the state government continues to fascinate the project S21 finds this she lost not only the Masz but to the eye for the rest of the country. have to be Basel and its realization therefore be predicted - which has since operated transport policy is fixed solely to the S21, after the other very important projects such as the rapid expansion and construction of the trail Offenburg - Freiburg. This one-sided orientation of the country's policy on S21 and Abhängigmachung hinder all road projects of the S21 much needed expansion of transport infrastructure throughout BW. In Stuttgart, committed and later buried, while the "province" of which suffers. For example, the line Ulm - Friedrichshafen, still does not despite commitment by the Prime Minister in the state elections of 1996 electrified, rapid implementation is not to be expected. The construction of the aforementioned high-speed line Offenburg - Basel delayed unnecessarily and is also in the Federal Transport Infrastructure Plan does not receive a priority. The urgently to be implemented two-track extension of the line Horb - Rottweil - Tuttlingen (- singing) can also be delayed. Here, the state government is required to bring worthwhile projects to traffic and transportation for the speedy implementation.
The project S21macht the country on one side depending on the DB and therefore vulnerable to blackmail. Since the country is still at S21, it must act pleasing to the DB, at least until it is able to position itself clearly. This leads (e) ultimately results in the country most of its local transport services for years to DB awarded, a competition is held here no more, the DB can keep its monopoly position, the privatization of urban transport in BW is blocked for a long time, penetration of new suppliers into the market is systematically prevented.
The former head station in Stuttgart must be maintained in its present form, the existing railway tracks are to be optimized for the business process and streamlined the service station as planned to Untertürkheim move, So in the Stuttgart city center about 85% of the project from the previous S21 surface intended to be free. A new line of Esslingen Mettingen to Ulm is much cheaper and can now be realized thus independent of the Masznahmen in Stuttgart. The required connection to the airport to the ICE network is not the local traffic justified, the airport is gemäsz its regional significance to the regional rail network to link, this is the connection through the S-Bahn is sufficient to carry the construction of a tram line from Nürtingen to Filderstadt Bernhausen (- airport) the airport from the south would be more accessible.
S21 costs in the currently planned Form (1998), about 2.6 billion euros, of which would flow to carry out about 1.2 billion euros of taxpayers' money, then this money is needed elsewhere, while the proposed alternative would be a cost of 1.1 billion euros, much cheaper in both cases would have added about 1.43 billion € for the journey to Ulm. The
provided by the DB funding through land sales is questionable, the DB should pre-finance a significant part, because the land can be marketed properly so only after commissioning. At the opening of the station would have the DB will increase its debt further, a reduction of this is questionable to what Could lead to interest and repayment burdens weigh so heavy that no additional revenues are still insufficient sale proceeds to bring the project to profitability. This irresponsible debt policy at risk, ultimately, the planned flotation of DB, as hardly any investor should be willing to invest in a company that pays no return, the federal government would remain in the worst case on the DB sitting on a contribution from the taxpayer to save the DB would not be completely ruled out.
finally announced the head of the DB in the spring of 2003 that S21 will already cost more than planned and that the DB is not able to see, to bear these additional costs. When asked who they then finance, has no long answer search is required, it is the citizens.
Thursday, April 13, 2006
Letter To The Church About Wedding
Arrividerci Cavaliere!
An obituary of Silvio Berlusconi
Rome the day after, it's Tuesday the 11th April. Italy has voted and the result is still not set so well. Time, the government led by Silvio Berlusconi, head of the "Casa delle Libertà" in the House of Representatives, the majority, a time she is the leader of the opposition alliance "Olive Tree" of his challenger, Romano Prodi. In the second chamber, the Senate, there is also confusion about the result. In the course of the day are signs an election victory for the opposition to Prodi. This is explained hastily to the election winner, is hardly the result rather well known. Luxembourg and Paris can not wait to congratulate the winner, there will not be all put to the President of EU Commission President Barroso.
The greatest joy is probably about that now at last one of "their" rules, Italy has finally "left", that's the main thing. "Law" are among the major industrial nations now only the evil U.S., Australia and recently Canada, the former are in Germany (Europe) already long hate object number one, the latter two are in Europe perceived politically difficult. Thus, the major industrial economies Europe again in the same direction politically, Spain, social democratic, Britain is social democratic, conservative France and Germany is somehow both, but the so-called conservatives in Germany and France are only Social Democrats, they bear a different name. And now belongs to Italy, the last major country up to its circle, "right" are now only the bad people in Vienna, Copenhagen and The Hague, but they are so, except Austria, according to European (ie germanofränkischem) understanding anyway just subdivisions of 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue.
When at last is sure that the opposition won the elections even if just, will begin a play, not as we know from Western Europe. Prime Minister Berlusconi says he will not accept the result of choice and insist on recount some votes. It is arguably the last great appearance of a man with the little Italy and Europe even knew what to do.
Who is that Silvio Berlusconi, on his departure from office of the European governments would probably not be particularly sad?
Berlusconi was Italy's prime minister from 1994 already. The 1996 elections he lost, at that time was Prime Minister Romano Prodi, but in 2001 returned Berlusconi, with a majority that has been achieved in the Italian Parliament than ever before. Despite numerous government scandals, many internal conflicts and Berlusconi was able to date continue to govern unchallenged, with a term of 5 years in a row, he is even the longest continuously reigning head of government in the history of the country.
Berlusconi is not a typical politician, the son of a bank employee made a career that can only a few. So he built in the seventies, two satellite towns in his native Milan, then forward-looking projects. For these settlements he established a private TV channel since 1976 from its nationwide media empire grew, he now owns three television channels, with a market share of 45%, also newspaper and magazine stores. His skillful influence over the government removed legal obstacles to building Craxi his company. For its advertising agency Publitalia he forged in 1993, his party Forza Italia. As this then a year later won the election, Europe was shocked. A populist who also is a right, a media mogul, was prime minister of a European industrial country that had everything his European colleagues well accepted yet, but the worst that this man was an entrepreneur. He distinguished himself throughout his career significantly from all others, he learned not from the start in politics. In contrast to all French and most German politicians had this man of practical experience, he knew how to make a company successful, does not he know how to get through the instances of a party boxing. It was difficult to accept most of his colleagues, he was simply none of their own. So relieved they were in fact of his sudden and early political end.
Berlusconi had so ruled, as you would possibly expect from a political thriller. From the first day, he began the system is open for himself and his company to take advantage of the country's fate was of secondary importance. Berlusconi did what did all of his other colleagues, but he did not do it on the infamous Northern European style, but on a very open and direct way. He cut his laws according to their personal needs, he used his media power, as prime minister so he could now control the state media and favoring his company, himself and his friends. The other Europeans could not quite be, because Berlusconi led his people and the rest of Europe only imagine what politics really is and how it works. He caricatured the system in some way and that was the greatest fear of the Europeans. Italy was once more as backward, corrupt and politically immature known, but it took the future development of the democratic system can only anticipate. Berlusconi then disappeared when the demon finally, the relief was great to finally be able to leave Italy, Italy was finally back in Europe and no longer a banana republic. The new prime minister Prodi went on at once the darling of Europe, which later turned out to be an advantage.
Democracy is characterized by elections, Democrats are particularly proud of the fact that the elections allowed for a bloodless change of government and so it was 1996, also in Italy. The Prodi government lost the election and he was back again, Silvio Berlusconi. He, whom they considered long settled for could now govern with a large majority. And he did what he did best. He used the system open. He passed legislation that guaranteed him immunity, he legalized, how to cut it, determines types of tax evasion and he favored his media companies. Although there is no European Zugäbe politician ever, but they were probably all secretly jealous of Berlusconi's power and his perfidious system abuse. Besides himself and his company used the Berlusconi government is not particularly productive time, the political legacy of Berlusconi's poor. In memory probably remain only the nationwide smoking ban and some laws that protect politicians and entrepreneurs from justice. The fundamental problems solved Berlusconi of Italy, on the contrary. The national debt grew further as unemployment, economic growth was even after cheating at 0.1%. The economic balance sheet for Italy is more than thin. Italy, seventh-richest country in the world is, above all by a weak growth said the industry association Confindustria fears even expulsion from the G7 group. In the reign of Berlusconi's industrial production fell by 0.6%, Italy's share in world market halved since 1995, unit labor costs increased by 10%. The debt is 106% of GDP (excluding pensions Germany 68%). This is the conclusion of a country that five years was not governed practically, maybe this was the best that Italy could have happened at all. Italy (not Germany) is the country with the most laws, the difference with Germany is simply that it is the law only on paper, but (according to the Act and the [Un-] sense) hardly anybody holds, one last incredible advantage for Italy, against the law-abiding Germany.
The term of Berlusconi was mainly show. The now nearly seventy years, this was even on the day of the election can not, as his mother (95 years) to the polling station accompanied her. At times, Europe was all better informed about his plastic surgery and his heels, than about the actual work of government. But Italy is also here again just a little ahead. In the mass democratic politics will degenerate to the show, selected the entertaining, not boring, bread and circenis, but now that can afford any bread to dominate the games. The operation of the policy modern democracy degenerates to the entirely self-government circus. The greatest merit of this man is that he has shown Italy and the world how ridiculous the system of modern democracy. As head of government we have just all (fool's) freedom to favor himself and his friends, the power (not just the state-run media) is open to abuse for their own purposes. What we have so far been believed in Africa, achieved thanks to Silvio at the heart of Europe. Next generation of politicians should be grateful to him, grateful for this spill. In future, politicians use their power each direction open, they do not have to do this in secret. Berlusconi is at doing anything unethical or reprehensible, it is a very normal part of a democracy, it is used for personal gain. Berlusconi was in office as prime minister acted very pragmatic, he and his company better off everyone else in his situation would have done the same thing. Berlusconi made his European colleagues just before a mirror, how naive must one be to believe, a Democratic politician doing something for his country. This is the political ideal of parliamentary newcomers, the latest is buried at the end of the first legislature. Politicians remain people who belong to a class, at the expense of others (and often without their consent) to enrich. In this respect, Berlusconi has done just that, what everyone else is doing well. He has hurt his country, but also the reputation of the state, in particular democracy, at least for the latter, we should be grateful to him. 
An obituary of Silvio Berlusconi
Rome the day after, it's Tuesday the 11th April. Italy has voted and the result is still not set so well. Time, the government led by Silvio Berlusconi, head of the "Casa delle Libertà" in the House of Representatives, the majority, a time she is the leader of the opposition alliance "Olive Tree" of his challenger, Romano Prodi. In the second chamber, the Senate, there is also confusion about the result. In the course of the day are signs an election victory for the opposition to Prodi. This is explained hastily to the election winner, is hardly the result rather well known. Luxembourg and Paris can not wait to congratulate the winner, there will not be all put to the President of EU Commission President Barroso.
The greatest joy is probably about that now at last one of "their" rules, Italy has finally "left", that's the main thing. "Law" are among the major industrial nations now only the evil U.S., Australia and recently Canada, the former are in Germany (Europe) already long hate object number one, the latter two are in Europe perceived politically difficult. Thus, the major industrial economies Europe again in the same direction politically, Spain, social democratic, Britain is social democratic, conservative France and Germany is somehow both, but the so-called conservatives in Germany and France are only Social Democrats, they bear a different name. And now belongs to Italy, the last major country up to its circle, "right" are now only the bad people in Vienna, Copenhagen and The Hague, but they are so, except Austria, according to European (ie germanofränkischem) understanding anyway just subdivisions of 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue.
When at last is sure that the opposition won the elections even if just, will begin a play, not as we know from Western Europe. Prime Minister Berlusconi says he will not accept the result of choice and insist on recount some votes. It is arguably the last great appearance of a man with the little Italy and Europe even knew what to do.
Who is that Silvio Berlusconi, on his departure from office of the European governments would probably not be particularly sad?
Berlusconi was Italy's prime minister from 1994 already. The 1996 elections he lost, at that time was Prime Minister Romano Prodi, but in 2001 returned Berlusconi, with a majority that has been achieved in the Italian Parliament than ever before. Despite numerous government scandals, many internal conflicts and Berlusconi was able to date continue to govern unchallenged, with a term of 5 years in a row, he is even the longest continuously reigning head of government in the history of the country.
Berlusconi is not a typical politician, the son of a bank employee made a career that can only a few. So he built in the seventies, two satellite towns in his native Milan, then forward-looking projects. For these settlements he established a private TV channel since 1976 from its nationwide media empire grew, he now owns three television channels, with a market share of 45%, also newspaper and magazine stores. His skillful influence over the government removed legal obstacles to building Craxi his company. For its advertising agency Publitalia he forged in 1993, his party Forza Italia. As this then a year later won the election, Europe was shocked. A populist who also is a right, a media mogul, was prime minister of a European industrial country that had everything his European colleagues well accepted yet, but the worst that this man was an entrepreneur. He distinguished himself throughout his career significantly from all others, he learned not from the start in politics. In contrast to all French and most German politicians had this man of practical experience, he knew how to make a company successful, does not he know how to get through the instances of a party boxing. It was difficult to accept most of his colleagues, he was simply none of their own. So relieved they were in fact of his sudden and early political end.
Berlusconi had so ruled, as you would possibly expect from a political thriller. From the first day, he began the system is open for himself and his company to take advantage of the country's fate was of secondary importance. Berlusconi did what did all of his other colleagues, but he did not do it on the infamous Northern European style, but on a very open and direct way. He cut his laws according to their personal needs, he used his media power, as prime minister so he could now control the state media and favoring his company, himself and his friends. The other Europeans could not quite be, because Berlusconi led his people and the rest of Europe only imagine what politics really is and how it works. He caricatured the system in some way and that was the greatest fear of the Europeans. Italy was once more as backward, corrupt and politically immature known, but it took the future development of the democratic system can only anticipate. Berlusconi then disappeared when the demon finally, the relief was great to finally be able to leave Italy, Italy was finally back in Europe and no longer a banana republic. The new prime minister Prodi went on at once the darling of Europe, which later turned out to be an advantage.
Democracy is characterized by elections, Democrats are particularly proud of the fact that the elections allowed for a bloodless change of government and so it was 1996, also in Italy. The Prodi government lost the election and he was back again, Silvio Berlusconi. He, whom they considered long settled for could now govern with a large majority. And he did what he did best. He used the system open. He passed legislation that guaranteed him immunity, he legalized, how to cut it, determines types of tax evasion and he favored his media companies. Although there is no European Zugäbe politician ever, but they were probably all secretly jealous of Berlusconi's power and his perfidious system abuse. Besides himself and his company used the Berlusconi government is not particularly productive time, the political legacy of Berlusconi's poor. In memory probably remain only the nationwide smoking ban and some laws that protect politicians and entrepreneurs from justice. The fundamental problems solved Berlusconi of Italy, on the contrary. The national debt grew further as unemployment, economic growth was even after cheating at 0.1%. The economic balance sheet for Italy is more than thin. Italy, seventh-richest country in the world is, above all by a weak growth said the industry association Confindustria fears even expulsion from the G7 group. In the reign of Berlusconi's industrial production fell by 0.6%, Italy's share in world market halved since 1995, unit labor costs increased by 10%. The debt is 106% of GDP (excluding pensions Germany 68%). This is the conclusion of a country that five years was not governed practically, maybe this was the best that Italy could have happened at all. Italy (not Germany) is the country with the most laws, the difference with Germany is simply that it is the law only on paper, but (according to the Act and the [Un-] sense) hardly anybody holds, one last incredible advantage for Italy, against the law-abiding Germany.
The term of Berlusconi was mainly show. The now nearly seventy years, this was even on the day of the election can not, as his mother (95 years) to the polling station accompanied her. At times, Europe was all better informed about his plastic surgery and his heels, than about the actual work of government. But Italy is also here again just a little ahead. In the mass democratic politics will degenerate to the show, selected the entertaining, not boring, bread and circenis, but now that can afford any bread to dominate the games. The operation of the policy modern democracy degenerates to the entirely self-government circus. The greatest merit of this man is that he has shown Italy and the world how ridiculous the system of modern democracy. As head of government we have just all (fool's) freedom to favor himself and his friends, the power (not just the state-run media) is open to abuse for their own purposes. What we have so far been believed in Africa, achieved thanks to Silvio at the heart of Europe. Next generation of politicians should be grateful to him, grateful for this spill. In future, politicians use their power each direction open, they do not have to do this in secret. Berlusconi is at doing anything unethical or reprehensible, it is a very normal part of a democracy, it is used for personal gain. Berlusconi was in office as prime minister acted very pragmatic, he and his company better off everyone else in his situation would have done the same thing. Berlusconi made his European colleagues just before a mirror, how naive must one be to believe, a Democratic politician doing something for his country. This is the political ideal of parliamentary newcomers, the latest is buried at the end of the first legislature. Politicians remain people who belong to a class, at the expense of others (and often without their consent) to enrich. In this respect, Berlusconi has done just that, what everyone else is doing well. He has hurt his country, but also the reputation of the state, in particular democracy, at least for the latter, we should be grateful to him.
Gators Birthday Cake Designs For Guys
Neukölln ante portas
Why fail a state-led integration policy must
came after a desperate call for help from a Berlin primary school teachers about the integration of foreigners once more into the focus of the Germans (media) public. Now avenge a wrong operation of foreign policy for decades, a policy which was characterized mainly by an illusory and dishonest "multicultural" ideology. What everybody knew a long time, but nobody wanted to admit, was to write the teacher now, so to speak officially. Germany has a problem with the integration of many of its foreigners. A problem that has already long existed, but what for reasons of political correctness could not be spoken. A discussion of this has been the monopoly of political parties on so-called "right margin" and some provincials from the CSU. But now flare up suddenly politicians of all parties with ideas on how to be increasingly getting out of hand current situation back under control. How It is common for politicians find it now seems optimal solution to a problem that they have previously caused themselves and thus create new problems.
After the successful Degermanisierung make the German people by the Frankfurt School had to be sure, anyone who ever spoke to the issue of foreigners in the reactionary corner of the Company. The cowardice of the bourgeoisie and the ducking of the conservatives have done much to give the people of Frankfurt's monopoly on political opinion in the country. As a result of the influx of foreigners was only desirable. Initially, in the fifties, these have been regarded in the industry urgently needed as laborers and it was at first assumed that the "guest workers" to their retirement in their homes returned, but how naive are you have something like this accept? Was not predictable that these people here were propagated and then settle down? This first generation of guest workers who came mostly from Italy, Spain and Greece are still an asset to this country, they are usually well integrated and are also not a problem more difficult was the second wave of immigration. Unlike the first wave, which was still required by the industry, it was the second wave of economic refugees, mainly from poor and backward countries in the European periphery. These people were not necessarily needed as workers, it had become common knowledge that in the prosperous Germany of the 70s without Work could live well. Since this group of people usually only simple activities practiced, language skills were rather secondary. In Germany, even a certain simple tasks, sought and so many more people were allowed into the country. These flows also worked for a time quite well, but she had to fail at the latest at the time when these immigrants were the second wave to take over whole streets. In Berlin Kreuzberg Köln Mülheim remembered today or at best, the weather and the architecture of Germany. Have long since closed ghettos formed here, in which a member of the German cultural sphere no insight can have more. In Germany have developed over the years, parallel societies formed. What the policy did not admit, has long since become a reality. On the one hand, the increasing neglect district Harburg, Linden, and Lierenfeld Ostheim other hand, the retreats of the wealthier (German) population in Harvestehude, Kirchrode, Grafenberg and Degerloch. Who can afford to leave the quarters of the migrants, which in turn results in certain areas that they represent over 80% of the population. The constant leaving home the better-off segments of the population (even the better-off foreigners) leads to an increasing neglect of the city locations between center and Industrial areas, while increasing transfer recipients take account of the better public infrastructure in the cities, a sociological powder keg on which city planners have no answer. At the same time grows in the terrible satellite settlements of the 60's and 70's it was now Neuperlach, New Vahr or Chorweiler a marked lack of perspective by layer, which may participate in social life or no longer wants.
from states such as in Detroit or Paris, we in Germany are still far away, but this does not mean that this must remain for all time to come.
In every major German city has become district, which is not only a fully Turks have created their own infrastructure. There is no need to leave the district at all, let alone to learn the German language. That such people lies with the visit of a German school is a problem actually get to see. Without adequate language skills but no real education and no education, no job. The stated career goal of many foreign children in Berlin Neukölln, according to Spiegel "Hartz IV", why this should be in Offenbach or Ludwigshafen be different?
main cause of the whole problem is, as always, by the State. Only through the extensive benefits of the state, parts of the population possible, a life at the expense of other to lead. The social subsidies cause exactly the opposite of what is expected of politicians from them. Assistance is just no incentive to re-enter the workforce, unemployment in countries with no unemployment benefits (or with very short-term assistance such as in Denmark) is much lower than in Germany. A Rest helps social assistance. Social assistance enables people to lead a simple life (just in two ways). There is little incentive for the recipient to give up that status, why should he, when he has a guaranteed monthly income (the economic effect is like a minimum wage, but without doing anything). Thanks to the all-embracing State "care" grows on (urban) sub-proletariat. A layer of people without regular income from their own power, with low education and among foreigners with bad or not even existing language skills. Any immigration, the first place in the social budget takes place must, however, to fail doomed (although the true reasons such as political correctness does not want to). Most countries have immigration policies operate as required. This takes Canada for example, only people who can demonstrate a job in Canada and speak either English or French; necessary they reach a certain score as immigrants, The sector is also in the training and the school. In addition, there are questions of general education and the history of Canada. Such acceptance criteria are not only in Canada but also in many other countries of this world commonplace, not only in Germany. Recently, in Hesse, a test consisting of 100 questions presented, against which should prove to be an immigrant immigration worthy. These questions were not only ridiculous, but at the moment of publication to learn quite simple memory, the existence of this test would be to anybody a problem. If the state regulate the immigration already has, he should introduce a procedure similar to that of the conscientious objection, a moral test, written and spoken, against which it may have a statement about the language skills of immigrants are taken. Unfortunately, the "multi-cult" are ideologues still strong enough to prevent a sensible immigration policy. The aforementioned Canada is of them being seen as a prime example of a successful integration policy, which is probably due to the fact that they themselves were never in Canada, " multicultural works in Canada and do not need. If you look at even a city like Toronto closely, you will be able to find the fast. Every minority has its own district, is an interaction here is not just a juxtaposition. For the Chinese, there is China Town, this one is helpless with English in the rule, the Portuguese live in the "Rua Acores," the Italians in Litte Italy, and Greeks, Koreans and Poles have larger quarters on their own. The only parts of the population without their own districts are the English and the Germans, as well as most Japanese. This will take place from even a horizontal segregation, it keeps to itself and asks nothing from the other. If every minority has its own Viertal it comes naturally to less conflict, but the what is emerging here, one can not call it a successful integration. The advantage of Canada is simply that the country itself, in contrast to Europe, not a very long history and if it has no genuine population, it is just a country of immigrants, this can not get out of hand so massive conflicts, most recently in France. But Canada will have to deal because of the increasing illegal immigration still critical of its social structure. That there such excesses, as used in France, is of course unlikely.
France is the prime example of the failure of a nationalist-motivated immigration policy. Immigrants in France speak French as a rule all, everything they have with that country but also not common. Since the (youth) unemployment in France traditionally because of socialist experiments of the government very high, these people lack any perspective. But even here there is a welfare state that cemented the feeling of being liquid at its receivers yet. Again, why make an effort, the state will pay eventually. And the state of this problem is solved again with new programs and initiatives, and thereby makes everything a lot worse. A foreigner will still not become a resident in which he hands over to a domestic passport, even in Germany, the inflationary use of the naturalization solved no problems, only created new ones, because offenders can not deport foreigners with a German passport is more, there is no a pressure medium. In this context, the percentage of foreigners mentioned. German politicians like to point out that Switzerland has a much higher proportion of foreigners, when Germany and in Switzerland were less problems with foreigners. But the fact is that the Swiss government is not so lavish with the release handle of citizenship, such as Germany or France. It is not easy to be Swiss, even so, the proportion of foreigners in Switzerland is very high. The majority of these foreigners are now, but German and Italian, derived from a related culture and therefore have not noticed. Unlike Germany, where you can enter today Hinz and Kunz and similar citizenship presents, Switzerland will be shown on only people they really need. As long as foreign policy in Germany, however addressed always behind the facade of political correctness, as long as one is here treading water.
must first pay for the schools, thanks to the compulsory education they are forced to an army unwilling and unable to take students. If the state here would be useful active, then by removing the compulsory education and privatized education. Compulsory education is forcing people to learn things that they do not want to learn, it is self-explanatory, that such a system at best is indifferent towards him in the worst But the case met with hatred and contempt. Private schools have more opportunities to exert much pressure on students and their parents. Their teachers were motivated and could be reluctant or disruptive students from classes or simply exclude the same school. It may arise but also schools for particular support needy students, as there were schools for gifted students. The free market for education would provide exactly the offer that is in demand, not just any school unit with a unit of learning material with hardly motivated teachers who have no incentive to improve the system and also by the aggressive to suffer behavior of students they can not have discipline. If the school system in Germany, private and voluntary, it would never come to such failures, as now in Berlin. And these excesses on the one hand the tip of the iceberg, and for the way in the development of the state school system of the future show. A call for the abolition of primary school is no place, therefore, the problems shifted only to the secondary schools and junior high students now excluded from the labor sector, which then ended again in the abolition of the secondary school and we immediately introduced the comprehensive school. Now there is this whole school in some states already, these are precisely the countries in which the students are worse deal than in Baden-Wuerttemberg and Bavaria and the with the university entrance so wasteful, is that even for professionals, such as hotel management, now the school is required. That in such countries no secondary school students and high school students have little perspective is evident.
blame here but also the economy, which makes the training of youth to take place at the expense of taxpayers by many activities in which a few years ago a real education followed by vocational training enough now a university degree is required. A career as Werner Wenning, Bayer has to put down (from the industrial business Chairman of the Board) is now no longer possible. Here also is the main culprit, as it could be different, with the state. The state structure of the universities allowed the education of many students at public expense, without having an indicator which are needed by which subject how many graduates. In fact, not too few people study here, but too many. Here, too, privatization can not only improve research and teaching, but also reduce the number of students, contributing to the re-evaluation of conventional vocational training. Unfortunately, too many politicians still dream of the good of public education to which there is a civil right. Does this People about basic economic knowledge, but they know that education is just not a public good (because this does the exclusion principle) and hence there is no reason to burden the public with the costs of this.
If an employer, for any reason whatsoever, but would not employ domestically trained person, so there's no reason that it is this force organized abroad. This is the private nature of immigration, here determine the company who gets a job that does not have the state who can come, regardless of whether or not he has a job, or. Immigration policy is just not for the state, but the economy. Who a country an economic advantage to be welcome everywhere, who visits a country only to exploit the welfare systems need not be surprised if he of much of the population distrust suggests. Can solve the problem of integration with the abolition of all state benefits (and to nationals and foreigners) from now on, both groups were under the economic compulsion to participate in society and something to pay for those. But by the preselection of the economy would ensure that only just come into the country those who can provide an economic value. These foreigners were now guests just as they behaved well. They would ensure that they are not noticeable in the society is negative, it would integrate (not assimilate), because they were aware that their guest status would be compromised at the slightest sign of undesirable action. Such a migration is necessary and useful, but avoids the undesirable side effects of mass immigration of vulnerable and poorly educated people. Nothing speaks against the presence of foreigners, but they should (or indeed all residents) have an interest, even their own initiative to provide better economically and socially.
The fear that such a policy would bring immigration full stop or a monotonous population structure could produce, is inappropriate. A look into history reveals that it is up to the "invention" of the nation state and its consequence of the welfare state possible was free and without papers and settle down, find always wanted one. In the supposedly backward Middle Ages there was a movement of persons harm of which we today can only dream of, this has not at any time.
course, an employer would have the ability to discriminate against certain groups in hiring (with the associated costs for him), but a wise employer when hiring not an expert on the origin, appearance or beliefs eighth, but on their skills. Should he still discriminate against what is his right, the candidate is still open the way to self or to another employer. In contrast to states of entrepreneurs not to be expected, however, that they develop in the immigration preferences for a particular ethnic group, after all are dependent on labor and not to vote.
Literature:
Immigration: Hoppe, Hans Hermann "democracy of God of none", p.273 ff, S.295 ff
Hoppe, Hans Hermann, "Natural order, the state, and the immigration problem" Journal of Libertarian Studies 2002
Education: Rothbard, Murray "A New Freedom", p.123 ff
Blankertz, Stefan "The Economics of the Welfare State ', p.109 ff
discrimination: Blankertz, Stefan" The Economics of the Welfare State, "p.95 ff 
Why fail a state-led integration policy must
came after a desperate call for help from a Berlin primary school teachers about the integration of foreigners once more into the focus of the Germans (media) public. Now avenge a wrong operation of foreign policy for decades, a policy which was characterized mainly by an illusory and dishonest "multicultural" ideology. What everybody knew a long time, but nobody wanted to admit, was to write the teacher now, so to speak officially. Germany has a problem with the integration of many of its foreigners. A problem that has already long existed, but what for reasons of political correctness could not be spoken. A discussion of this has been the monopoly of political parties on so-called "right margin" and some provincials from the CSU. But now flare up suddenly politicians of all parties with ideas on how to be increasingly getting out of hand current situation back under control. How It is common for politicians find it now seems optimal solution to a problem that they have previously caused themselves and thus create new problems.
After the successful Degermanisierung make the German people by the Frankfurt School had to be sure, anyone who ever spoke to the issue of foreigners in the reactionary corner of the Company. The cowardice of the bourgeoisie and the ducking of the conservatives have done much to give the people of Frankfurt's monopoly on political opinion in the country. As a result of the influx of foreigners was only desirable. Initially, in the fifties, these have been regarded in the industry urgently needed as laborers and it was at first assumed that the "guest workers" to their retirement in their homes returned, but how naive are you have something like this accept? Was not predictable that these people here were propagated and then settle down? This first generation of guest workers who came mostly from Italy, Spain and Greece are still an asset to this country, they are usually well integrated and are also not a problem more difficult was the second wave of immigration. Unlike the first wave, which was still required by the industry, it was the second wave of economic refugees, mainly from poor and backward countries in the European periphery. These people were not necessarily needed as workers, it had become common knowledge that in the prosperous Germany of the 70s without Work could live well. Since this group of people usually only simple activities practiced, language skills were rather secondary. In Germany, even a certain simple tasks, sought and so many more people were allowed into the country. These flows also worked for a time quite well, but she had to fail at the latest at the time when these immigrants were the second wave to take over whole streets. In Berlin Kreuzberg Köln Mülheim remembered today or at best, the weather and the architecture of Germany. Have long since closed ghettos formed here, in which a member of the German cultural sphere no insight can have more. In Germany have developed over the years, parallel societies formed. What the policy did not admit, has long since become a reality. On the one hand, the increasing neglect district Harburg, Linden, and Lierenfeld Ostheim other hand, the retreats of the wealthier (German) population in Harvestehude, Kirchrode, Grafenberg and Degerloch. Who can afford to leave the quarters of the migrants, which in turn results in certain areas that they represent over 80% of the population. The constant leaving home the better-off segments of the population (even the better-off foreigners) leads to an increasing neglect of the city locations between center and Industrial areas, while increasing transfer recipients take account of the better public infrastructure in the cities, a sociological powder keg on which city planners have no answer. At the same time grows in the terrible satellite settlements of the 60's and 70's it was now Neuperlach, New Vahr or Chorweiler a marked lack of perspective by layer, which may participate in social life or no longer wants.
from states such as in Detroit or Paris, we in Germany are still far away, but this does not mean that this must remain for all time to come.
In every major German city has become district, which is not only a fully Turks have created their own infrastructure. There is no need to leave the district at all, let alone to learn the German language. That such people lies with the visit of a German school is a problem actually get to see. Without adequate language skills but no real education and no education, no job. The stated career goal of many foreign children in Berlin Neukölln, according to Spiegel "Hartz IV", why this should be in Offenbach or Ludwigshafen be different?
main cause of the whole problem is, as always, by the State. Only through the extensive benefits of the state, parts of the population possible, a life at the expense of other to lead. The social subsidies cause exactly the opposite of what is expected of politicians from them. Assistance is just no incentive to re-enter the workforce, unemployment in countries with no unemployment benefits (or with very short-term assistance such as in Denmark) is much lower than in Germany. A Rest helps social assistance. Social assistance enables people to lead a simple life (just in two ways). There is little incentive for the recipient to give up that status, why should he, when he has a guaranteed monthly income (the economic effect is like a minimum wage, but without doing anything). Thanks to the all-embracing State "care" grows on (urban) sub-proletariat. A layer of people without regular income from their own power, with low education and among foreigners with bad or not even existing language skills. Any immigration, the first place in the social budget takes place must, however, to fail doomed (although the true reasons such as political correctness does not want to). Most countries have immigration policies operate as required. This takes Canada for example, only people who can demonstrate a job in Canada and speak either English or French; necessary they reach a certain score as immigrants, The sector is also in the training and the school. In addition, there are questions of general education and the history of Canada. Such acceptance criteria are not only in Canada but also in many other countries of this world commonplace, not only in Germany. Recently, in Hesse, a test consisting of 100 questions presented, against which should prove to be an immigrant immigration worthy. These questions were not only ridiculous, but at the moment of publication to learn quite simple memory, the existence of this test would be to anybody a problem. If the state regulate the immigration already has, he should introduce a procedure similar to that of the conscientious objection, a moral test, written and spoken, against which it may have a statement about the language skills of immigrants are taken. Unfortunately, the "multi-cult" are ideologues still strong enough to prevent a sensible immigration policy. The aforementioned Canada is of them being seen as a prime example of a successful integration policy, which is probably due to the fact that they themselves were never in Canada, " multicultural works in Canada and do not need. If you look at even a city like Toronto closely, you will be able to find the fast. Every minority has its own district, is an interaction here is not just a juxtaposition. For the Chinese, there is China Town, this one is helpless with English in the rule, the Portuguese live in the "Rua Acores," the Italians in Litte Italy, and Greeks, Koreans and Poles have larger quarters on their own. The only parts of the population without their own districts are the English and the Germans, as well as most Japanese. This will take place from even a horizontal segregation, it keeps to itself and asks nothing from the other. If every minority has its own Viertal it comes naturally to less conflict, but the what is emerging here, one can not call it a successful integration. The advantage of Canada is simply that the country itself, in contrast to Europe, not a very long history and if it has no genuine population, it is just a country of immigrants, this can not get out of hand so massive conflicts, most recently in France. But Canada will have to deal because of the increasing illegal immigration still critical of its social structure. That there such excesses, as used in France, is of course unlikely.
France is the prime example of the failure of a nationalist-motivated immigration policy. Immigrants in France speak French as a rule all, everything they have with that country but also not common. Since the (youth) unemployment in France traditionally because of socialist experiments of the government very high, these people lack any perspective. But even here there is a welfare state that cemented the feeling of being liquid at its receivers yet. Again, why make an effort, the state will pay eventually. And the state of this problem is solved again with new programs and initiatives, and thereby makes everything a lot worse. A foreigner will still not become a resident in which he hands over to a domestic passport, even in Germany, the inflationary use of the naturalization solved no problems, only created new ones, because offenders can not deport foreigners with a German passport is more, there is no a pressure medium. In this context, the percentage of foreigners mentioned. German politicians like to point out that Switzerland has a much higher proportion of foreigners, when Germany and in Switzerland were less problems with foreigners. But the fact is that the Swiss government is not so lavish with the release handle of citizenship, such as Germany or France. It is not easy to be Swiss, even so, the proportion of foreigners in Switzerland is very high. The majority of these foreigners are now, but German and Italian, derived from a related culture and therefore have not noticed. Unlike Germany, where you can enter today Hinz and Kunz and similar citizenship presents, Switzerland will be shown on only people they really need. As long as foreign policy in Germany, however addressed always behind the facade of political correctness, as long as one is here treading water.
must first pay for the schools, thanks to the compulsory education they are forced to an army unwilling and unable to take students. If the state here would be useful active, then by removing the compulsory education and privatized education. Compulsory education is forcing people to learn things that they do not want to learn, it is self-explanatory, that such a system at best is indifferent towards him in the worst But the case met with hatred and contempt. Private schools have more opportunities to exert much pressure on students and their parents. Their teachers were motivated and could be reluctant or disruptive students from classes or simply exclude the same school. It may arise but also schools for particular support needy students, as there were schools for gifted students. The free market for education would provide exactly the offer that is in demand, not just any school unit with a unit of learning material with hardly motivated teachers who have no incentive to improve the system and also by the aggressive to suffer behavior of students they can not have discipline. If the school system in Germany, private and voluntary, it would never come to such failures, as now in Berlin. And these excesses on the one hand the tip of the iceberg, and for the way in the development of the state school system of the future show. A call for the abolition of primary school is no place, therefore, the problems shifted only to the secondary schools and junior high students now excluded from the labor sector, which then ended again in the abolition of the secondary school and we immediately introduced the comprehensive school. Now there is this whole school in some states already, these are precisely the countries in which the students are worse deal than in Baden-Wuerttemberg and Bavaria and the with the university entrance so wasteful, is that even for professionals, such as hotel management, now the school is required. That in such countries no secondary school students and high school students have little perspective is evident.
blame here but also the economy, which makes the training of youth to take place at the expense of taxpayers by many activities in which a few years ago a real education followed by vocational training enough now a university degree is required. A career as Werner Wenning, Bayer has to put down (from the industrial business Chairman of the Board) is now no longer possible. Here also is the main culprit, as it could be different, with the state. The state structure of the universities allowed the education of many students at public expense, without having an indicator which are needed by which subject how many graduates. In fact, not too few people study here, but too many. Here, too, privatization can not only improve research and teaching, but also reduce the number of students, contributing to the re-evaluation of conventional vocational training. Unfortunately, too many politicians still dream of the good of public education to which there is a civil right. Does this People about basic economic knowledge, but they know that education is just not a public good (because this does the exclusion principle) and hence there is no reason to burden the public with the costs of this.
If an employer, for any reason whatsoever, but would not employ domestically trained person, so there's no reason that it is this force organized abroad. This is the private nature of immigration, here determine the company who gets a job that does not have the state who can come, regardless of whether or not he has a job, or. Immigration policy is just not for the state, but the economy. Who a country an economic advantage to be welcome everywhere, who visits a country only to exploit the welfare systems need not be surprised if he of much of the population distrust suggests. Can solve the problem of integration with the abolition of all state benefits (and to nationals and foreigners) from now on, both groups were under the economic compulsion to participate in society and something to pay for those. But by the preselection of the economy would ensure that only just come into the country those who can provide an economic value. These foreigners were now guests just as they behaved well. They would ensure that they are not noticeable in the society is negative, it would integrate (not assimilate), because they were aware that their guest status would be compromised at the slightest sign of undesirable action. Such a migration is necessary and useful, but avoids the undesirable side effects of mass immigration of vulnerable and poorly educated people. Nothing speaks against the presence of foreigners, but they should (or indeed all residents) have an interest, even their own initiative to provide better economically and socially.
The fear that such a policy would bring immigration full stop or a monotonous population structure could produce, is inappropriate. A look into history reveals that it is up to the "invention" of the nation state and its consequence of the welfare state possible was free and without papers and settle down, find always wanted one. In the supposedly backward Middle Ages there was a movement of persons harm of which we today can only dream of, this has not at any time.
course, an employer would have the ability to discriminate against certain groups in hiring (with the associated costs for him), but a wise employer when hiring not an expert on the origin, appearance or beliefs eighth, but on their skills. Should he still discriminate against what is his right, the candidate is still open the way to self or to another employer. In contrast to states of entrepreneurs not to be expected, however, that they develop in the immigration preferences for a particular ethnic group, after all are dependent on labor and not to vote.
Literature:
Immigration: Hoppe, Hans Hermann "democracy of God of none", p.273 ff, S.295 ff
Hoppe, Hans Hermann, "Natural order, the state, and the immigration problem" Journal of Libertarian Studies 2002
Education: Rothbard, Murray "A New Freedom", p.123 ff
Blankertz, Stefan "The Economics of the Welfare State ', p.109 ff
discrimination: Blankertz, Stefan" The Economics of the Welfare State, "p.95 ff
Monday, February 27, 2006
Leg Swollen From Fall
Rome as the capital of the Roman Empire
Rome as the capital of the Roman Empire
from Roman Republic to Late Antiquity
After the end of the Etruscan domination, Rome became a republic with a senate and consuls. In the 4 . and the 5th century, Rome had to continue against Etruscans, Celts and Latins put up resistance. The Temple of Castor and Pollux in the Roman Forum became the father as a victory monument for the 499 victorious battle against the Latins. Since the new government, however, based solely on the power of the patrician nobility, demanded the people, the plebeians, more say. After long disputes and the threat of secession bowed to the pressure of the patrician Populus, which the Roman commonwealth grew together. 450 were the rights of the plebeians in the so-called twelve-plate laws arrested and placed in the Roman Forum. The Roman Forum itself was created by the draining of a valley situated between four districts, and became the first center of monumental architecture. This arose from the early second century, the first basilica. Outside of the actual Urban area was the Capitol, which was the importance of the Acropolis, also the Aventine, which was awarded the plebeians 454th The upcoming Rome was ruled by consuls, praetors Quaestors censors and aediles. Rome's wealth was mainly due to agriculture, as trade and industry at that time were little developed. With the construction of Temple of Saturn and Claudius Aqueduct, the first monumental buildings created in the city. Under a written tradition (Varro) the size of the city with four districts and a city wall is known. With an area of 285 ha Rome was already the largest city of the peninsula. With the end of the stands was fighting a Elite, the nobility established.
At the start of the fourth century, the city wall was built. In this area referred Pomerium no military power could be exercised, including the construction of temples for other gods was banned. This wall closed the Mars field is initially not one, but only the seven hills.
parallel to the consolidation and development inside Rome enlarged his territory and conquered cities in the Etruscan area. In the year 396 was located just outside Rome's Etruscan city of Veii, to be conquered after ten years of siege.
The invasion of Gaul (387) brought the rise of Rome to a standstill. Only the Capitoline Hill was saved from destruction by the Gauls. The reconstruction of the city, named after Servius Tullis city wall was built immediately after the destruction in the same structure again (377) and completed by mid-century should last for decades. For rebuilt Rome include provision Aventine and the Capitol, and part of the north of the Quirinal plateaus.
was an area of 426 ha is now larger than Athens and Rome became increasingly the character of a city. 329 was in the valley between Aventine and Palatine with the construction of the Circus Maximus started. The first was built under Claudius aqueduct (Aqua Appia) from the year 312 to the supply the higher-lying neighborhoods. On the previously reserved for the military area of the Field of Mars (Campus Martius), the first buildings were built: the Circus Flaminius (221), the portico Metelli (149) and the Theatrum Pompei (50). The Forum was expanded with the basilica and surrounded now, citizens had no longer pursue their business outdoors. The first basilica, Portia was built in 184, with the exception of Emilia (179) is today but none of these survived. On Capitol Hill and in the rest of the urban area, many temples were built, the bank of the Tiber below the Aventine Hill was converted into the Emporium (marketplace). The construction of the Via Appia (312) Rome under Claudius Caecus could expand again, the System was radiating from Rome outgoing roads. One such road, the ancient Via Flaminia is still readable in the Via del Corso. The public buildings and places of the city were now increasingly decorated with bronze statues, artists made the colossal statues of Hercules and Jupiter on the Capitol.
are still the foundations of the temple group at the forum and get on Holitorium Forum Boarium. The Forum Boarium was in the intersection of a major urban axis, then led a trade route to the south. The intersection with the marketplace Boarium Forum and the Roman Forum with Palatine Hill and Capitol Hill as a political center was thus established.
After conquering the Etruscans and the Greek possessions in the year 272, Rome was the dominant force on the peninsula and was able to devote to the expansion in the Mediterranean. The expansion into Gaul and Hispania out very soon on the conflict with Carthage, the first two resulting Punic Wars (264-241 and 214-201) Rome brought to the brink of ruin. The Carthaginian general Hannibal crossed the Alps and invaded Iberia from coming to Italy before now. After the victorious Battle of Lake Trasimeno for Carthage threatened a direct attack on Hannibal's Rome, but failed to. In the Battle of Cannae (216) the Romans were defeated, it was on Italian soil virtually no Roman army more, but Hannibal attacked Rome again not directly, though it would be to take the city managed to secure. This was probably the crucial mistake, which ultimately left Carthage disappear from the map. The third Punic War (149-146) led to the victory of Rome over Carthage, which was rising in the province of Africa. With 272 of Taranto
fell last opponent of Rome and southern Italy. Rome secured from his rule from 225 through 700 000 infantrymen and 70,000 horsemen.
were even more significant than the conquests in the West, however, the victorious Illyrian War (229-219) which Rome with the material and cultural wealth of the Hellenic civilization brought into contact. The expansion to the east has had a tremendous impact on the development Rome and leads to a Hellenization of the agrarian-oriented city-state. Literature and theater came under Greek instructions to a first peak.
The huge booty allowed for intensive economic activity, the port of Ostia was built, the road network improved, the first markets emerged and flourished in the overseas trade.
The last two centuries of Republic for the city of enormous economic, social and urban significance. As a result of strong immigration created the so-called insulae, residential district with multi-storey blocks of flats. Roman Forum, Forum Boarium Capitol Campus and at many public buildings were, in all temples enriched. To supply the growing city magazines as well as a port city were built. Parallel has been a growing houses (Domus) of wealthy citizens, which were complemented by Hellenic model, with a peristyle and equipped with wall paintings, statues, gilded moldings, and marble and mosaic floors were. The living quarters of the aristocracy were on the Capitol and at the south end of the forum. Villas and gardens (including gardens of Maecenas on the Esquillin) shaped the image of the city. The construction of aqueducts and roads has been accelerated. Cato initiated the construction of an improved sewerage system, was developed as a port city of Ostia, goods were on the Tiber after Rome transported and sold in markets. The city began to expand beyond the old boundaries. Rome with its 100,000 inhabitants has developed into a commercial center of international standing.
Thanks to the conquests during these years went numerous coins and precious metals, mainly war booty and reparations to Rome. The bulk of this new wealth landed primarily at the senators and their related families. Result, the gap widened between rich and poor populations, which would counteract the Senate with the decision a wealth tax (Tributum) to introduce. The Romans did not materialize, to pay such a tax, thus were the citizens of Rome, free, unlike the citizens of the province, from this tax.
Rome was now the largest city in the Western world and with the increase of wealth and new construction projects were increasingly monumental proportions. Over the years, formed out an independent Roman architecture, which combined with Etruscan Hellenistic models. The Hellenic influence manifested itself in the preference of Colonnade and the Basilica, which is now in place of the stalls at the edge of the forum came, they served as markets, courtrooms and meeting rooms. The first building of this type, the Basilica Porcia (184) was to build the Cato despite his rejection of everything Greek left. Soon arose in Rome basilica further in a similar style. Later, in the first century basilica emerged with round arches, which took the place of the early basilica typical architraves. There were already at the Etruscans and Greeks arches, but only in Rome, they became a characteristic element. Finally, developed the arch, was replaced by arcades and buildings, for free-standing, built as a monument monumental archway and is a purely Roman creation considered. The first two triumphal arches erected to celebrate the victory of Roman troops in Spain in 196th The development in the construction of arches, arcades, vaults and apses enabled the establishment until the invention of the mortar and left to enter the architecture in a new stage. The use of mortar can be detected in the 193 portico built Aemilia, certain is that several decades later, mortar used in larger quantities wurde.Den Greeks was already a century earlier announced a consisting of lime, water and sand wall supply, but The Romans first used it on a larger scale, after the discovery that the ground was a perfectly appropriate for this purpose, powdered mixture of volcanic ash and clay. This was called "puzzolana" (after the place Puteoli near Naples). If you mix pure lime in a lime kiln with pozzolan, was obtained from the molten mass of a durable and solid mortar. This mixture was poured over a mass of crushed brick or broken pumice, where the ingredients were accurately weighted to each other. The result was a hard, compact, nearly indestructible material which was equal to all charges, not dissolved in water and wall joints extended. This wall mass was usually covered with marble or other stone.
Before the Romans possessed such means, had much more careful arcs are executed. SO 144 was the first aqueduct, the Aqua Marcia with wide sweeping bends, which the city is a 45 kilometers from source supplied. The aqueduct itself was already lined with mortar, but only in the construction of later aqueducts, the material was also used for the arches. The Aqua Marcia was an example of the strong sense of the Romans for lasting and useful facilities. So the roads were built in the city and paved with hard lava rocks from the Alban hills. In place of the wooden bridge over the Tiber was the Aemlilianische 179 bridge, which rested on two stone pillars.
The growing population lived mostly in the cobbled together, unlit wooden houses without heating, cooking facilities or water supply. These lightweight structures have often been a prey the flames or the Tiber River flood. The water supply was primarily intended to supply the public and not for the operation of private houses. The houses of prosperous citizens were facing the street, unadorned and disconnected as shops serving openings. The interiors were grouped around an atrium. The basic idea of this is probably Etruscan origin.
In the Roman architecture is often thought of in systems, which in urban planning and especially the platform design is clear. The commercial buildings, especially the aqueduct, but also the construction of baths and amphitheatres in Rome had a higher priority than in Greece. 
Rome as the capital of the Roman Empire
from Roman Republic to Late Antiquity
After the end of the Etruscan domination, Rome became a republic with a senate and consuls. In the 4 . and the 5th century, Rome had to continue against Etruscans, Celts and Latins put up resistance. The Temple of Castor and Pollux in the Roman Forum became the father as a victory monument for the 499 victorious battle against the Latins. Since the new government, however, based solely on the power of the patrician nobility, demanded the people, the plebeians, more say. After long disputes and the threat of secession bowed to the pressure of the patrician Populus, which the Roman commonwealth grew together. 450 were the rights of the plebeians in the so-called twelve-plate laws arrested and placed in the Roman Forum. The Roman Forum itself was created by the draining of a valley situated between four districts, and became the first center of monumental architecture. This arose from the early second century, the first basilica. Outside of the actual Urban area was the Capitol, which was the importance of the Acropolis, also the Aventine, which was awarded the plebeians 454th The upcoming Rome was ruled by consuls, praetors Quaestors censors and aediles. Rome's wealth was mainly due to agriculture, as trade and industry at that time were little developed. With the construction of Temple of Saturn and Claudius Aqueduct, the first monumental buildings created in the city. Under a written tradition (Varro) the size of the city with four districts and a city wall is known. With an area of 285 ha Rome was already the largest city of the peninsula. With the end of the stands was fighting a Elite, the nobility established.
At the start of the fourth century, the city wall was built. In this area referred Pomerium no military power could be exercised, including the construction of temples for other gods was banned. This wall closed the Mars field is initially not one, but only the seven hills.
parallel to the consolidation and development inside Rome enlarged his territory and conquered cities in the Etruscan area. In the year 396 was located just outside Rome's Etruscan city of Veii, to be conquered after ten years of siege.
The invasion of Gaul (387) brought the rise of Rome to a standstill. Only the Capitoline Hill was saved from destruction by the Gauls. The reconstruction of the city, named after Servius Tullis city wall was built immediately after the destruction in the same structure again (377) and completed by mid-century should last for decades. For rebuilt Rome include provision Aventine and the Capitol, and part of the north of the Quirinal plateaus.
was an area of 426 ha is now larger than Athens and Rome became increasingly the character of a city. 329 was in the valley between Aventine and Palatine with the construction of the Circus Maximus started. The first was built under Claudius aqueduct (Aqua Appia) from the year 312 to the supply the higher-lying neighborhoods. On the previously reserved for the military area of the Field of Mars (Campus Martius), the first buildings were built: the Circus Flaminius (221), the portico Metelli (149) and the Theatrum Pompei (50). The Forum was expanded with the basilica and surrounded now, citizens had no longer pursue their business outdoors. The first basilica, Portia was built in 184, with the exception of Emilia (179) is today but none of these survived. On Capitol Hill and in the rest of the urban area, many temples were built, the bank of the Tiber below the Aventine Hill was converted into the Emporium (marketplace). The construction of the Via Appia (312) Rome under Claudius Caecus could expand again, the System was radiating from Rome outgoing roads. One such road, the ancient Via Flaminia is still readable in the Via del Corso. The public buildings and places of the city were now increasingly decorated with bronze statues, artists made the colossal statues of Hercules and Jupiter on the Capitol.
are still the foundations of the temple group at the forum and get on Holitorium Forum Boarium. The Forum Boarium was in the intersection of a major urban axis, then led a trade route to the south. The intersection with the marketplace Boarium Forum and the Roman Forum with Palatine Hill and Capitol Hill as a political center was thus established.
After conquering the Etruscans and the Greek possessions in the year 272, Rome was the dominant force on the peninsula and was able to devote to the expansion in the Mediterranean. The expansion into Gaul and Hispania out very soon on the conflict with Carthage, the first two resulting Punic Wars (264-241 and 214-201) Rome brought to the brink of ruin. The Carthaginian general Hannibal crossed the Alps and invaded Iberia from coming to Italy before now. After the victorious Battle of Lake Trasimeno for Carthage threatened a direct attack on Hannibal's Rome, but failed to. In the Battle of Cannae (216) the Romans were defeated, it was on Italian soil virtually no Roman army more, but Hannibal attacked Rome again not directly, though it would be to take the city managed to secure. This was probably the crucial mistake, which ultimately left Carthage disappear from the map. The third Punic War (149-146) led to the victory of Rome over Carthage, which was rising in the province of Africa. With 272 of Taranto
fell last opponent of Rome and southern Italy. Rome secured from his rule from 225 through 700 000 infantrymen and 70,000 horsemen.
were even more significant than the conquests in the West, however, the victorious Illyrian War (229-219) which Rome with the material and cultural wealth of the Hellenic civilization brought into contact. The expansion to the east has had a tremendous impact on the development Rome and leads to a Hellenization of the agrarian-oriented city-state. Literature and theater came under Greek instructions to a first peak.
The huge booty allowed for intensive economic activity, the port of Ostia was built, the road network improved, the first markets emerged and flourished in the overseas trade.
The last two centuries of Republic for the city of enormous economic, social and urban significance. As a result of strong immigration created the so-called insulae, residential district with multi-storey blocks of flats. Roman Forum, Forum Boarium Capitol Campus and at many public buildings were, in all temples enriched. To supply the growing city magazines as well as a port city were built. Parallel has been a growing houses (Domus) of wealthy citizens, which were complemented by Hellenic model, with a peristyle and equipped with wall paintings, statues, gilded moldings, and marble and mosaic floors were. The living quarters of the aristocracy were on the Capitol and at the south end of the forum. Villas and gardens (including gardens of Maecenas on the Esquillin) shaped the image of the city. The construction of aqueducts and roads has been accelerated. Cato initiated the construction of an improved sewerage system, was developed as a port city of Ostia, goods were on the Tiber after Rome transported and sold in markets. The city began to expand beyond the old boundaries. Rome with its 100,000 inhabitants has developed into a commercial center of international standing.
Thanks to the conquests during these years went numerous coins and precious metals, mainly war booty and reparations to Rome. The bulk of this new wealth landed primarily at the senators and their related families. Result, the gap widened between rich and poor populations, which would counteract the Senate with the decision a wealth tax (Tributum) to introduce. The Romans did not materialize, to pay such a tax, thus were the citizens of Rome, free, unlike the citizens of the province, from this tax.
Rome was now the largest city in the Western world and with the increase of wealth and new construction projects were increasingly monumental proportions. Over the years, formed out an independent Roman architecture, which combined with Etruscan Hellenistic models. The Hellenic influence manifested itself in the preference of Colonnade and the Basilica, which is now in place of the stalls at the edge of the forum came, they served as markets, courtrooms and meeting rooms. The first building of this type, the Basilica Porcia (184) was to build the Cato despite his rejection of everything Greek left. Soon arose in Rome basilica further in a similar style. Later, in the first century basilica emerged with round arches, which took the place of the early basilica typical architraves. There were already at the Etruscans and Greeks arches, but only in Rome, they became a characteristic element. Finally, developed the arch, was replaced by arcades and buildings, for free-standing, built as a monument monumental archway and is a purely Roman creation considered. The first two triumphal arches erected to celebrate the victory of Roman troops in Spain in 196th The development in the construction of arches, arcades, vaults and apses enabled the establishment until the invention of the mortar and left to enter the architecture in a new stage. The use of mortar can be detected in the 193 portico built Aemilia, certain is that several decades later, mortar used in larger quantities wurde.Den Greeks was already a century earlier announced a consisting of lime, water and sand wall supply, but The Romans first used it on a larger scale, after the discovery that the ground was a perfectly appropriate for this purpose, powdered mixture of volcanic ash and clay. This was called "puzzolana" (after the place Puteoli near Naples). If you mix pure lime in a lime kiln with pozzolan, was obtained from the molten mass of a durable and solid mortar. This mixture was poured over a mass of crushed brick or broken pumice, where the ingredients were accurately weighted to each other. The result was a hard, compact, nearly indestructible material which was equal to all charges, not dissolved in water and wall joints extended. This wall mass was usually covered with marble or other stone.
Before the Romans possessed such means, had much more careful arcs are executed. SO 144 was the first aqueduct, the Aqua Marcia with wide sweeping bends, which the city is a 45 kilometers from source supplied. The aqueduct itself was already lined with mortar, but only in the construction of later aqueducts, the material was also used for the arches. The Aqua Marcia was an example of the strong sense of the Romans for lasting and useful facilities. So the roads were built in the city and paved with hard lava rocks from the Alban hills. In place of the wooden bridge over the Tiber was the Aemlilianische 179 bridge, which rested on two stone pillars.
The growing population lived mostly in the cobbled together, unlit wooden houses without heating, cooking facilities or water supply. These lightweight structures have often been a prey the flames or the Tiber River flood. The water supply was primarily intended to supply the public and not for the operation of private houses. The houses of prosperous citizens were facing the street, unadorned and disconnected as shops serving openings. The interiors were grouped around an atrium. The basic idea of this is probably Etruscan origin.
In the Roman architecture is often thought of in systems, which in urban planning and especially the platform design is clear. The commercial buildings, especially the aqueduct, but also the construction of baths and amphitheatres in Rome had a higher priority than in Greece.
Wednesday, January 4, 2006
Can You Use Orajel Before Waxing
The city plan of Stuttgart
pure chance I had dealt with the city grid of Stuttgart. I expected not much, but the result was something überraschend.Schon for a long time I wondered why the hospital district has a chessboard layout. Therefore, I have first the roads north and west linearly extended, but this came to no reasonable conclusion. Out of curiosity, I took then from the very old and there I found several sheets formations (R1-R5) after I had marked the corresponding mean score (M1-M5), I was surprised because they all appear with slight variations on an axis to lie. This fact inspired me now to find a base rectangle. Since this card is not purely maszstäblich, I could not walk and tried in fair basis of arbitrarily set myself goals (T1a, T1b, T2, T3) to find the rectangle (pink). In fact, I could not find one and then compared this with a Thaleskontruktion, since this is not described by such a, I extended the long side to Thaleskontruktion (black). I have now two basic rectangles available, and do not know what could be the correct one.
for the pink rectangle says the following:
The proximity of the center to the axis of M2-M5
The location of Gate 3
The western edge (King Street)
Speaking against the position of gate 1b, my knowledge, there was the door 1a in fact, it is ultimately still in Prinzenbau available.
speaks for the black rectangle: the location of the door 1a
The location of the gate of the ancient castle in connection with the axis of a
The description by the Thales group.
speaks However, the situation of T3 and of deviating from the center axis of M2-M5.
So I can not say clearly whether it is presumed by me to design a basic rectangle. Striking, however, is the axis a, which is exactly in both cases in the western third and intersects with the northern edge of the black rectangle in the gate of the old castle. This may be hardly be a coincidence.
The subdivision of the black rectangle into twelve squares (the deviations in the East based on the drawing program) reveals that they fall on the Royal Route in each case in the vicinity of a vacant places.
The arc in the city are obvious, especially the Eberhardstrasse (R2) stands out here. The marketplace also appears to be measured (R2 and R3) to be, with the houses in the west of the north side project into something in the square.
In Esslinger suburb so far I could not find any links, is only obvious that the Wilhelm space can be described by a Thales design, though, I suspect it, this does not fully part of the city may have been, a wall would have to cut it in the East. The turquoise lines in the plan are therefore not further pursued approaches.
So I dedicated myself again of the rich suburbs, after a long search I found out that the starting points of the dark blue lines can all connect to a straight line. The light blue lines, I have no explanation. More out of curiosity, I put on the line just found an equilateral triangle, and the result was very surprised, because the triangle is in the east close to P3 of the base rectangle. The South seems to be a point P of prolongation of the axis to be M6-M7. Which in turn parallel to the northern axis the hospital district is located. Overall, this large triangle (dark green) but to make no sense, it does not fit right into the construct.
Whether I with my conjecture, the city of Stuttgart had been professionally calibrated'm right, can not say at present, but so many accidents are unlikely. Why not a plan, however, are the vast distances that had to calibration of the hospital district needed. Total
based my thesis on premises, the template is a copied map of 1855, which was photographed on the digitization without a tripod. It must be contained numerous inaccuracies and distortions in the meter range, but my I that the principle can hardly be infringed. To striking is the position of the axis a on the west side of the old castle and the road was perfectly straight King has always been a mystery to me. I think there are still many inaccuracies in my plans exist, if my theory does hold true remains to be seen well only after a detailed analysis with precise plans.
However I would not be deprived of this discovery to the public. is 
pure chance I had dealt with the city grid of Stuttgart. I expected not much, but the result was something überraschend.Schon for a long time I wondered why the hospital district has a chessboard layout. Therefore, I have first the roads north and west linearly extended, but this came to no reasonable conclusion. Out of curiosity, I took then from the very old and there I found several sheets formations (R1-R5) after I had marked the corresponding mean score (M1-M5), I was surprised because they all appear with slight variations on an axis to lie. This fact inspired me now to find a base rectangle. Since this card is not purely maszstäblich, I could not walk and tried in fair basis of arbitrarily set myself goals (T1a, T1b, T2, T3) to find the rectangle (pink). In fact, I could not find one and then compared this with a Thaleskontruktion, since this is not described by such a, I extended the long side to Thaleskontruktion (black). I have now two basic rectangles available, and do not know what could be the correct one.
for the pink rectangle says the following:
The proximity of the center to the axis of M2-M5
The location of Gate 3
The western edge (King Street)
Speaking against the position of gate 1b, my knowledge, there was the door 1a in fact, it is ultimately still in Prinzenbau available.
speaks for the black rectangle: the location of the door 1a
The location of the gate of the ancient castle in connection with the axis of a
The description by the Thales group.
speaks However, the situation of T3 and of deviating from the center axis of M2-M5.
So I can not say clearly whether it is presumed by me to design a basic rectangle. Striking, however, is the axis a, which is exactly in both cases in the western third and intersects with the northern edge of the black rectangle in the gate of the old castle. This may be hardly be a coincidence.
The subdivision of the black rectangle into twelve squares (the deviations in the East based on the drawing program) reveals that they fall on the Royal Route in each case in the vicinity of a vacant places.
The arc in the city are obvious, especially the Eberhardstrasse (R2) stands out here. The marketplace also appears to be measured (R2 and R3) to be, with the houses in the west of the north side project into something in the square.
In Esslinger suburb so far I could not find any links, is only obvious that the Wilhelm space can be described by a Thales design, though, I suspect it, this does not fully part of the city may have been, a wall would have to cut it in the East. The turquoise lines in the plan are therefore not further pursued approaches.
So I dedicated myself again of the rich suburbs, after a long search I found out that the starting points of the dark blue lines can all connect to a straight line. The light blue lines, I have no explanation. More out of curiosity, I put on the line just found an equilateral triangle, and the result was very surprised, because the triangle is in the east close to P3 of the base rectangle. The South seems to be a point P of prolongation of the axis to be M6-M7. Which in turn parallel to the northern axis the hospital district is located. Overall, this large triangle (dark green) but to make no sense, it does not fit right into the construct.
Whether I with my conjecture, the city of Stuttgart had been professionally calibrated'm right, can not say at present, but so many accidents are unlikely. Why not a plan, however, are the vast distances that had to calibration of the hospital district needed. Total
based my thesis on premises, the template is a copied map of 1855, which was photographed on the digitization without a tripod. It must be contained numerous inaccuracies and distortions in the meter range, but my I that the principle can hardly be infringed. To striking is the position of the axis a on the west side of the old castle and the road was perfectly straight King has always been a mystery to me. I think there are still many inaccuracies in my plans exist, if my theory does hold true remains to be seen well only after a detailed analysis with precise plans.
However I would not be deprived of this discovery to the public. is
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